Human blood suitable for transfusion is always in short supply despite over 100 million donations every year. Even if the supply of blood was vastly increased, there would still be many places in the world that lacked the proper facilities to store and manage it all. Scientists have been looking at blood substitutes to solve these issues for years, but a variety of concerns have prevented any of them from reaching patients. The HaemO2 project from the University of Essex in England might be the first real success after designing a safer oxygen carrier molecule that can be stored at room temperature for long periods, while also avoiding the toxic effects seen with other blood substitutes. Human blood is brimming with immune cells and a plethora of proteins, and the researchers are interested in the red blood cell for transfusion. These donut-shaped, non-nucleated cells are the main solid constituent of blood , giving it that distinctive red color. The red actually
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